York, England: Clifford's Tower

York Castle was a big part of the city's defenses in Olden Days. The complex contained castles, prisons and administrative areas. The most striking part of it remains, and it's taken the name of Clifford's Tower. It stands on a very steep hill, overlooking the rest of the city. 

It's easy to identify the worst moment in the area's history. In 1190, a pogrom resulted in the murder of 150 Jews, most of whom committed suicide rather than to fall into the hands of the mob. There is a plaque out front to pay tribute to the fallen.

By the 20th century, tourism had become its biggest use. It should be noted that there are a lot of steps to get up to the Tower, and so this may be a little too much for all but the heartiest of travelers - especially with an admission charge. Happily, we only have to press play to see what's up there.