The history of the place is an odd one and rather complicated. France had its hands full during a military conflict with Prussia in 1870-71, losing a war rather badly and seeing its government overthrown in the process. When the new government in turn was thrown out, religious leaders thought France's problems were due to a lack of religious belief. They wanted a shrine built that overlooked the city as a reminder of the renewed guiding principles of life.
It took a while to build it, but Sacre-Coeur was finished in 1914 - but not dedicated until 1919, as World War I got in the way. It is dedicated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus. The building is located in the Montmartre part of Paris.
You'll be happy to know that you don't have to climb many steps to get there. A funicular rides up the hill, and the views are great. If you like such buildings, you'll enjoy the video tour:
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