Lyon, France: Basilica of Notre-Dame de Fourvière

In 1872, the city of Lyon was feeling a little lucky. Portions of France had been clobbered by Prussian forces during the Franco-Prussian War, which didn't end well for the French. However, Lyon was spared any destruction during the conflict.

The citizens of Lyon decided to give the credit to the Virgin Mary for their good forture. After all, Lyon hadn't been hit by the Bubonic Plague of 1643, and Mary got the credit for that too.

Obviously, the construction of a big church was in order, just as it was in Paris. Thus, the Basilica of Notre-Dame de Fourvière was built on a breathtaking point overlooking the city. It became a symbol for Lyon in short order.

The site had been the location of a forum in Roman times, which explains the extra part of its name. Fourviere becomes old forum in translation.